Navigating antimicrobial resistance in a globalized world: The crucial roles of the gut microbiome and migration

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health issue, affecting lifesaving antimicrobials. The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microbes, is a significant reservoir of AMR genes. The gut microbiota, a reservoir of ARGs, can be passed between different microbial species, leading to the spread of resistant microbes. Antimicrobial exposure disrupts the gut microbiome’s balance, promoting the growth of resistant strains. The most abundant resistance genes in the human gut microbiome are those against antibiotics approved for livestock use. Understanding the role of the microbiome and migration in AMR is crucial for developing effective strategies.